3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Brock Economics OUAC BEC Remove	Saint Paul Éthique et enjeux sociaux contemporains (certificat, temps partiel seulement) (1 an) OUAC OAP Remove	York Environmental Arts & Justice (BES - Co-op available) OUAC YDF Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	73–77%“Mid 70s”	70%“70% min.”	73–77%“Mid-70s”
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U	No course codes parsed — see prerequisites	ENG4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	one of MCV4U, MHF4U	one of ENG4U, FRA4U	—
Prerequisitesas published	ENG4U MHF4U (min. 65%) or MCV4U (min. 65%) Alternative Offers You will receive an offer of admission to only 1 program. Your highest listed choice is considered first when you indicate more than 1 Brock program on your application. If you are not eligible for your first choice, your subsequent choices will be considered in your indicated order of preference. In most cases: If you apply to only 1 Brock program but do not qualify, you will be considered for an alternative or related program. If you apply but are not admitted to a co-op program, you will automatically be considered for the regular, non-co-op program.	OSSD or equivalent Minimum of six 4U/M courses, including ENG4U or FRA4U	Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) ENG4U 5 additional 4U/M courses Alternative Offers If you are inadmissible to the original degree program you have applied to, you may be +3 more on the program page
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	No	Available
Degree	—	—	—
First-year intakewhere published	—	—	40
What you study	—	Philosophy Politics Social Policy	Environmental Studies Interdisciplinary Studies Politics Social Policy
What it is	Economics is the study of how people, businesses, and governments make choices about money, resources, and trade. This program includes a co-op component, meaning you alternate between classroom terms and paid work terms at organizations, giving you real workplace experience alongside your degree. It suits students who want to understand how economies work and prefer learning through a mix of theory and hands-on practice.	This one-year part-time certificate teaches you to think critically about real ethical problems in today's society, from politics and social policy to justice and human rights. Unlike a full philosophy degree, it focuses tightly on contemporary issues rather than the history of philosophical ideas. It suits people working full-time who want to deepen their moral reasoning skills and understand the values underlying current debates.	This program combines environmental science and social justice, exploring how environmental problems affect communities and how policy and activism can address them. You study ecology alongside politics, sociology, and ethics rather than treating environmental issues as purely technical. It suits students who care about the environment but want to understand its human and political dimensions, and the co-op option lets you work in nonprofits, government, or advocacy organizations while you study.
The door tomajors you reach through it	economics	Applied to directly	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	4 published, 1 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	None published by average	29 published, 4 with no applicationfrom 75%See them
Source	Brock University on OUInfo	Saint Paul University on OUInfo	York University on OUInfo

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