3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Brock Biological Sciences OUAC BS Remove	Waterloo Climate and Environmental Change (Regular/Co-op) OUAC WCE Remove	Lakehead Geography and the Environment (includes Environmental Science and Studies) (Thunder Bay and Orillia) OUAC AU Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	73–77%“Mid 70s”	77–80%“High 70s”	70%
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	SCH4U	ENG4U	ENG4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	one of MCV4U, MHF4U two of ENG4U, SBI4U, SES4U, SPH4U	one of SCH4U, SPH4U	—
Prerequisitesas published	MHF4U (min 70%) or MCV4U (min. 70%) SCH4U (min. 70%) 2 from SBI4U, SPH4U, SES4U, a second 4U Math or ENG4U ENG4U is strongly recommended Alternative Offers +1 more on the program page	English (ENG4U – min. 70%) Any Grade 12 U Mathematics (min. 70%) Chemistry or Physics	Geography (Arts): ENG4U Geography (Arts & Sciences): ENG4U Geography (Environmental Science): ENG4U, MHF4U Geography (Environmental Studies): ENG4U Geography (Science): ENG4U, MHF4U, 2 from MCV4U, MDM4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U, SPH4U +2 more on the program page
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	No
Degree	Bachelor of Science, BSc, Bachelor of Science/Bachelor of Education, BSc/BEd	—	Bachelor of Arts, BA, Bachelor of Arts and Sciences, BASc, Bachelor of Engineering Science, BESc, Bachelor of Environmental Studies, BES
First-year intakewhere published	—	5	—
What you study	—	Chemistry Environmental Studies Human Geography Physical Geography	Environmental StudiesFacilities ManagementGeology Human Geography
What it is	Biological Sciences is the study of living organisms — their structure, function, genetics, ecology, and how they interact with their environment. At Brock, you can pursue this as a straight Bachelor of Science or combine it with teacher education through the BSc/BEd, which qualifies you to teach biology in Ontario high schools. The program includes a co-op option that integrates paid work terms with your studies, giving you practical experience in research labs, government agencies, or industry.	You study how Earth's climate and environment work, using chemistry, physics, and geography to understand weather systems, ecosystems, and human impacts. This program combines natural science with social geography, so you examine both the physical causes of environmental change and how people and communities respond to it. It suits students curious about climate science who want hands-on experience through co-op placements alongside their coursework.	You study how human activity shapes the natural world and how landscapes, climate, and ecosystems affect people and cities. The program offers multiple routes depending on your interests: a general arts degree, a combined arts and sciences track, an engineering focus for environmental systems, or a specialized environmental studies degree. It suits students curious about climate change, resource management, urban planning, or environmental policy who want both scientific and human perspectives.
The door tomajors you reach through it	biology	Applied to directly	geography
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	4 published, 1 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	4 published, 3 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 80%See them
Source	Brock University on OUInfo	University of Waterloo on OUInfo	Lakehead University on OUInfo

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