3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Laurentian Earth Sciences OUAC LVI Remove	Ottawa Géographie (4 ans) OUAC OYI Remove	U of T (Mississauga) Chemical and Physical Sciences OUAC TMW Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	70%	70–80%“70%; co-op 80%”	73–80%“Mid to high 70s”
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U MHF4U	No course codes parsed — see prerequisites	ENG4U MHF4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	—	one of ENG4U, FRA4U	one of SBI4U, SCH4U, SPH4U
Prerequisitesas published	1 grade 12 English U/M course (ENG 4U) 1 grade 12 4U Advanced Functions (MHF 4U) 2 grade 12 U Science courses or 1 Science + 1 Math 2 other grade 12 U/M courses (Chemistry, Physics, and Calculus recommended) A minimum overall average of 70% in the 6 best grade 12 U/M courses +4 more on the program page	ENG4U or FRA4U	ENG4U MHF4U Some areas also require additional prerequisites, such as SCH4U and/or SBI4U and/or SPH4U Alternative Offers Because of the competitive nature of this program, you may receive an invitation after you apply for your application to be automatically reviewed for an alternative program, provided you are qualified and there is space.
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	Available
Degree	—	Bachelor of Arts, BA, Bachelor of Arts (Co-op), BA (Co-op)	—
First-year intakewhere published	—	—	150
What you study	Geology Physical Geography	Geology Human Geography Physical Geography	Astronomy Chemistry Geology Human Geography
What it is	Earth Sciences is the study of rocks, minerals, landforms, and the physical processes that shape the planet. You'll learn geology — how Earth's crust forms and changes — alongside physical geography, which focuses on climate, water systems, and landscapes. This program includes a co-op work term, giving you hands-on experience in the field or with industry partners.	You study how Earth's physical systems — landforms, climate, water — interact with human societies, cultures, and economies. This program lets you choose between a standard degree or a co-op stream that embeds paid work terms into your studies. It suits students curious about environmental issues, cities, or global development who want both classroom learning and real-world experience.	You study chemistry, physics, astronomy, or geology at an advanced level, choosing your focus after first year. This program includes a co-op option that lets you work for employers in research, industry, or government between school terms. It suits students who are curious about how matter, energy, and natural systems work and want both hands-on lab experience and real-world work placements.
The door tomajors you reach through it	earth science	Applied to directly	biochemistry chemistry earth science environmental science physics
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	22 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	4 published, 4 with no applicationfrom 90%See them
Source	Laurentian University on OUInfo	University of Ottawa on OUInfo	University of Toronto — Mississauga on OUInfo

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