3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Laurentian Earth Sciences OUAC LVI Remove	TMU Environmental and Urban Sustainability (Co-op available) OUAC SAS Remove	Lakehead Forestry (co-op available) (Thunder Bay) OUAC AQ Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	70%	70–75%“70-75%”	70%
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U MHF4U	ENG4U	ENG4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	—	—	3 of CGO4M, CGR4M, CGU4M, CGW4U, ICS4U, MCV4U, MDM4U, MHF4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SPH4U
Prerequisitesas published	1 grade 12 English U/M course (ENG 4U) 1 grade 12 4U Advanced Functions (MHF 4U) 2 grade 12 U Science courses or 1 Science + 1 Math 2 other grade 12 U/M courses (Chemistry, Physics, and Calculus recommended) A minimum overall average of 70% in the 6 best grade 12 U/M courses +4 more on the program page	English/Anglais (ENG4U/EAE4U preferred)	ENG4U 3 from CGO4M, CGR4M, CGU4M, CGW4U, ICS4U, MCV4U, MDM4U, MHF4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SPH4U *Only 1 Geography course can be used. Alternative Offers If you do not meet the admission requirements for your program of choice but do meet Lakehead University's general admission requirements, you will automatically be considered for an alternate program.
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	Available
Degree	—	—	—
First-year intakewhere published	—	55	—
What you study	Geology Physical Geography	Environmental Studies Human Geography Others in Physical Sciences Physical Geography	Environmental StudiesForestry & ArboricultureGeology Others in Physical Sciences
What it is	Earth Sciences is the study of rocks, minerals, landforms, and the physical processes that shape the planet. You'll learn geology — how Earth's crust forms and changes — alongside physical geography, which focuses on climate, water systems, and landscapes. This program includes a co-op work term, giving you hands-on experience in the field or with industry partners.	This program combines the study of how cities and human communities interact with natural systems, drawing on environmental science, geography, and social perspectives. You'll examine urban planning, resource use, climate impacts, and sustainability solutions across both natural and human dimensions. The co-op option lets you work in government, nonprofits, or consulting firms while you study, which suits people who want practical experience alongside classroom learning.	You study the science and management of forests, learning about tree biology, ecosystem health, soil, and sustainable harvesting practices. The co-op option lets you work for forestry companies or government agencies during your degree, giving you real workplace experience alongside your coursework. This program suits students who want hands-on work with forests and ecosystems rather than purely classroom-based environmental study.
The door tomajors you reach through it	earth science	environmental science	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	2 published, 0 with no applicationfrom 85%See them	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 80%See them
Source	Laurentian University on OUInfo	Toronto Metropolitan University on OUInfo	Lakehead University on OUInfo

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