3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Queen's Earth and Environmental Science Pathway OUAC QSE Remove	Carleton Science – Major (4 years) OUAC CK Remove	Waterloo Climate and Environmental Change (Regular/Co-op) OUAC WCE Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	80–87%“Low to Mid-80s”	74–76%	77–80%“High 70s”
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U MCV4U	MHF4U SBI4U SPH4U	ENG4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	two of SBI4U, SCH4U, SPH4U	two of MCV4U, SCH4U, SES4U	one of SCH4U, SPH4U
Prerequisitesas published	ENG4U MCV4U 2 of SBI4U, SCH4U, or SPH4U 2 Additional 4 U/M courses	Biochemistry, Biology, Earth Sciences, Environmental Science, Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Physics. MHF4U 2 of MCV4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U or SPH4U 3 best 4U/M courses For all programs in Physics, SPH4U is strongly recommended. +3 more on the program page	English (ENG4U – min. 70%) Any Grade 12 U Mathematics (min. 70%) Chemistry or Physics
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	No	Available
Degree	—	—	—
First-year intakewhere published	—	—	5
What you study	Biological Sciences Biology Biotechnology Chemistry	Environmental Studies Geology Molecular Biology, Biochemistry Others in Physical Sciences	Chemistry Environmental Studies Human Geography Physical Geography
What it is	You study the natural systems that support life on Earth — combining biology, chemistry, geology, and geography to understand ecosystems, environmental problems, and how living things interact with their physical surroundings. This pathway is structured to integrate multiple science disciplines rather than focus narrowly on one, and it includes mandatory co-operative work terms where you apply classroom learning to real environmental jobs. It suits students curious about how nature works across scales, from molecules to landscapes, who want hands-on experience before deciding on a specific environmental career.	A Science Major is a four-year degree where you study one science subject deeply — such as physics, biology, geology, or environmental science — along with complementary courses in math and other sciences. It differs from a specialized honours program in that you focus on breadth within your chosen field rather than pursuing a single narrow specialization. This program suits students who want solid grounding in a science discipline without committing to professional training like engineering or medicine.	You study how Earth's climate and environment work, using chemistry, physics, and geography to understand weather systems, ecosystems, and human impacts. This program combines natural science with social geography, so you examine both the physical causes of environmental change and how people and communities respond to it. It suits students curious about climate science who want hands-on experience through co-op placements alongside their coursework.
The door tomajors you reach through it	earth science environmental science	Applied to directly	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	None published by average	16 published, 9 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	4 published, 3 with no applicationfrom 80%See them
Source	Queen's University on OUInfo	Carleton University on OUInfo	University of Waterloo on OUInfo

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Same subject area and a similar published range, at a campus you have not got in the table yet.

Ranges are what each university publishes, not guaranteed cutoffs, and limited-enrolment programs often admit above them. Confirm anything you are about to act on with the university; each column links to its source.