3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	TMU Psychology (Co-op Available) OUAC SPS Remove	Carleton Cognitive Science – Honours (4 years) OUAC CGS Remove	Lakehead Biology (includes Environmental Science, Animal Sciences, Plant Sciences, and Biodiversity and Conservation) (Thunder Bay) OUAC AD Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	75–80%“75-80%”	75%	70%
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U	ENG4U	ENG4U MHF4U SBI4U SCH4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	—	—	one of MCV4U, MDM4U, SPH4U two of MCV4U, MDM4U, SES4U, SPH4U
Prerequisitesas published	English/Anglais (ENG4U/EAE4U preferred)	English (ENG4U) 5 best 4U/M courses Alternative Offers Find more information about alternative offers .	Biology (Environmental Science): ENG4U, MHF4U Biology & Chemistry: ENG4U, MHF4U, SCH4U, 1 of MCV4U, MDM4U, SBI4U, SPH4U All other Biology (Science) Majors: ENG4U, MHF4U, 2 of MCV4U, MDM4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U, SPH4U Alternative Offers If you do not meet the admission requirements for your program of choice but do meet Lakehead University's general admission requirements, you will automatically be considered for an alternate program.
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	No
Degree	—	—	Bachelor of Environmental Science, BESc, Bachelor of Science, BSc
First-year intakewhere published	347	—	—
What you study	Psychology	Biological Sciences Computer Science Linguistics Philosophy	Animal Science Biological Sciences Biotechnology Genetics
What it is	Psychology is the scientific study of human behaviour and mental processes. You learn research methods, how to interpret data, and theories about why people think and act the way they do. The co-op option lets you work in real settings like clinics, schools, or research labs during your degree, giving you hands-on experience alongside your coursework.	This program combines psychology, biology, computer science, linguistics, and philosophy to study how the mind works and how we think, learn, and use language. Unlike a straight psychology or computer science degree, cognitive science integrates all these viewpoints to understand cognition from multiple angles. It suits people curious about the science of thinking itself, who want breadth across disciplines rather than depth in just one.	You study the science of living things — from individual cells and genes to entire ecosystems and animal behaviour. The Environmental Science degree focuses on how organisms interact with their environment, while other options let you specialize in animal biology, plants, genetics, or microbiology. This program suits people curious about how life works and interested in careers ranging from conservation and wildlife management to research, teaching, or health sciences.
The door tomajors you reach through it	psychology	Applied to directly	biology
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	2 published, 0 with no applicationfrom 85%See them	16 published, 9 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 80%See them
Source	Toronto Metropolitan University on OUInfo	Carleton University on OUInfo	Lakehead University on OUInfo

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