3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Laurier (Waterloo) Biochemistry and Biotechnology (BSc) OUAC UBI Remove	Carleton Science – Major (4 years) OUAC CK Remove	Queen's Earth and Environmental Science Pathway OUAC QSE Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	73–77%“Mid-70s”	74–76%	80–87%“Low to Mid-80s”
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U MHF4U SBI4U SCH4U	MHF4U SBI4U SPH4U	ENG4U MCV4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	—	two of MCV4U, SCH4U, SES4U	two of SBI4U, SCH4U, SPH4U
Prerequisitesas published	English at 60% Chemistry at 70% Math at 60% Advanced Functions at 60% Biology at 60% +1 more on the program page	Biochemistry, Biology, Earth Sciences, Environmental Science, Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Physics. MHF4U 2 of MCV4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U or SPH4U 3 best 4U/M courses For all programs in Physics, SPH4U is strongly recommended. +3 more on the program page	ENG4U MCV4U 2 of SBI4U, SCH4U, or SPH4U 2 Additional 4 U/M courses
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	No	Available
Degree	—	—	—
First-year intakewhere published	—	—	—
What you study	Biotechnology Chemistry	Environmental Studies Geology Molecular Biology, Biochemistry Others in Physical Sciences	Biological Sciences Biology Biotechnology Chemistry
What it is	You study how living cells work at the molecular level and how to use that knowledge to develop new medicines, materials, and industrial processes. This program combines pure chemistry with applied biotechnology, so you spend time both in theory and on practical applications that companies actually use. It includes a required co-op work term, giving you real workplace experience alongside your coursework. This suits students who want hands-on lab work and are curious about bridging basic science with real-world problem-solving.	A Science Major is a four-year degree where you study one science subject deeply — such as physics, biology, geology, or environmental science — along with complementary courses in math and other sciences. It differs from a specialized honours program in that you focus on breadth within your chosen field rather than pursuing a single narrow specialization. This program suits students who want solid grounding in a science discipline without committing to professional training like engineering or medicine.	You study the natural systems that support life on Earth — combining biology, chemistry, geology, and geography to understand ecosystems, environmental problems, and how living things interact with their physical surroundings. This pathway is structured to integrate multiple science disciplines rather than focus narrowly on one, and it includes mandatory co-operative work terms where you apply classroom learning to real environmental jobs. It suits students curious about how nature works across scales, from molecules to landscapes, who want hands-on experience before deciding on a specific environmental career.
The door tomajors you reach through it	biochemistry	Applied to directly	earth science environmental science
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	11 published, 1 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	16 published, 9 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	None published by average
Source	Wilfrid Laurier University — Waterloo on OUInfo	Carleton University on OUInfo	Queen's University on OUInfo

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