3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	Waterloo Geography and Environmental Management (Regular/Co-op) OUAC WG Remove	U of T (Scarborough) Physical & Environmental Sciences - Health Sciences Stream (regular and co-op) OUAC TXH Remove	Carleton Science – Major (4 years) OUAC CK Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	77–80%“High 70s”	73–80%“Mid-70s (regular), high 70s (co-op)”	74–76%
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4U	MHF4U SBI4U SPH4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	—	—	two of MCV4U, SCH4U, SES4U
Prerequisitesas published	Any Grade 12 U English (min. 70%)	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4 Science prerequisites (SPH4U or SBI4U) for specific disciplines are also required. SCH4U is recommended for specific disciplines. See U of T Scarborough's viewbook +1 more on the program page	Biochemistry, Biology, Earth Sciences, Environmental Science, Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Physics. MHF4U 2 of MCV4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U or SPH4U 3 best 4U/M courses For all programs in Physics, SPH4U is strongly recommended. +3 more on the program page
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	No
Degree	—	—	—
First-year intakewhere published	41	340	—
What you study	Environmental Studies Human Geography Physical Geography	Astronomy Chemistry Environmental Studies Geology	Environmental Studies Geology Molecular Biology, Biochemistry Others in Physical Sciences
What it is	You study how people interact with the natural environment, combining physical geography (climate, landforms, ecosystems) with human geography (cities, cultures, economics) and environmental problem-solving. The co-op option requires you to complete four paid work terms alongside your degree, giving you real-world experience in environmental consulting, urban planning, or conservation. This suits people who want to understand environmental challenges from both scientific and social angles and who value applying classroom learning in professional settings.	You study physical sciences — chemistry, physics, geology, and environmental topics — with a focus on how they connect to human health and the living world. This stream emphasizes the intersection between earth and life sciences rather than pure physics or chemistry alone. The co-op option lets you do paid work terms at relevant employers alongside your degree. It suits students interested in environmental health, toxicology, or science careers that bridge the natural world and wellness.	A Science Major is a four-year degree where you study one science subject deeply — such as physics, biology, geology, or environmental science — along with complementary courses in math and other sciences. It differs from a specialized honours program in that you focus on breadth within your chosen field rather than pursuing a single narrow specialization. This program suits students who want solid grounding in a science discipline without committing to professional training like engineering or medicine.
The door tomajors you reach through it	geography	health sciences	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	4 published, 3 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	4 published, 4 with no applicationfrom 85%See them	16 published, 9 with no applicationfrom 75%See them
Source	University of Waterloo on OUInfo	University of Toronto — Scarborough on OUInfo	Carleton University on OUInfo

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