4 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

Full	York Biochemistry (BSc - Co-op available) OUAC YSF Remove	Waterloo Physical Sciences (Regular/Co-op) OUAC WPS Remove	U of T (Scarborough) Physical & Environmental Sciences - Health Sciences Stream (regular and co-op) OUAC TXH Remove	Carleton Science – Major (4 years) OUAC CK Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	80–87%“Low to mid-80s”	80–83%“Low 80s”	73–80%“Mid-70s (regular), high 70s (co-op)”	74–76%
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4U SBI4U SCH4U	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4U	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4U	MHF4U SBI4U SPH4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	—	two of MDM4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U, SPH4U	—	two of MCV4U, SCH4U, SES4U
Prerequisitesas published	Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) ENG4U SBI4U SCH4U MHF4U +7 more on the program page	English (ENG4U – min. 70%) Advanced Functions (min. 70%) Calculus and Vectors (min. 70%) Any two of the following: Biology, Chemistry, Earth and Space Science, Mathematics of Data Management, or Physics	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4 Science prerequisites (SPH4U or SBI4U) for specific disciplines are also required. SCH4U is recommended for specific disciplines. See U of T Scarborough's viewbook +1 more on the program page	Biochemistry, Biology, Earth Sciences, Environmental Science, Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Physics. MHF4U 2 of MCV4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SES4U or SPH4U 3 best 4U/M courses For all programs in Physics, SPH4U is strongly recommended. +3 more on the program page
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	Available	No
Degree	—	—	—	—
First-year intakewhere published	65	250	340	—
What you study	Chemistry Molecular Biology, Biochemistry	Astronomy Chemistry Geology Materials Science	Astronomy Chemistry Environmental Studies Geology	Environmental Studies Geology Molecular Biology, Biochemistry Others in Physical Sciences
What it is	Biochemistry is the study of chemical reactions that happen inside living cells and organisms, combining chemistry and molecular biology. You learn how molecules like proteins and DNA work at the chemical level, which is deeper than what you'd cover in a regular biology or chemistry program. This program offers the option to do paid co-op work terms alongside your studies, giving you real laboratory and industry experience before you graduate. It suits people curious about how life works at the molecular scale and interested in hands-on work in research, pharmaceuticals, or biotechnology.	Physical Sciences is a broad first-year program where you study foundational chemistry, physics, mathematics, and biology before choosing a specialization in second year. The co-op option means you alternate between study and paid work terms at companies or research labs, giving you real experience in your field. This program suits students who are strong in math and science but not yet certain which specific physical science direction — from astronomy to polymer chemistry — they want to pursue.	You study physical sciences — chemistry, physics, geology, and environmental topics — with a focus on how they connect to human health and the living world. This stream emphasizes the intersection between earth and life sciences rather than pure physics or chemistry alone. The co-op option lets you do paid work terms at relevant employers alongside your degree. It suits students interested in environmental health, toxicology, or science careers that bridge the natural world and wellness.	A Science Major is a four-year degree where you study one science subject deeply — such as physics, biology, geology, or environmental science — along with complementary courses in math and other sciences. It differs from a specialized honours program in that you focus on breadth within your chosen field rather than pursuing a single narrow specialization. This program suits students who want solid grounding in a science discipline without committing to professional training like engineering or medicine.
The door tomajors you reach through it	biochemistry	chemistry earth science physics	health sciences	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	29 published, 4 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	4 published, 3 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	4 published, 4 with no applicationfrom 85%See them	16 published, 9 with no applicationfrom 75%See them
Source	York University on OUInfo	University of Waterloo on OUInfo	University of Toronto — Scarborough on OUInfo	Carleton University on OUInfo

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