4 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

Full	Laurentian Earth Sciences OUAC LVI Remove	Algoma Geography (BA 4 year) OUAC JBJ Remove	Carleton Science – Honours (4 years) OUAC CT Remove	Ottawa Géographie physique et géomatique (4 ans – majeure) OUAC OOG Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	70%	65%“65%+”	78%	70–80%“70%; co-op 80%”
Required coursesforced into your top 6	ENG4U MHF4U SCH4U SPH4U	ENG4U	MCV4U MHF4U SBI4U SCH4U SES4U SPH4U	ENG4U FRA4U MCV4U MHF4U SBI4U SCH4U SPH4U
Prerequisitesas published	1 grade 12 English U/M course (ENG 4U) 1 grade 12 4U Advanced Functions (MHF 4U) 2 grade 12 U Science courses or 1 Science + 1 Math 2 other grade 12 U/M courses (Chemistry, Physics, and Calculus recommended) A minimum overall average of 70% in the 6 best grade 12 U/M courses +4 more on the program page	ENG4U 5 other 4U/M courses 65% combined average in top six 4U/M courses	Honours in Biochemistry, Bioinformatics, Biology, Biotechnology, Chemistry, Linguistics, Neuroscience and Mental Health, Psycholinguistics and Communications Differences, Psychology, and Gateway (Physical Sciences and Life Sciences): Advanced Functions (MHF4U) Two credits from Biology (SBI4U), Chemistry (SCH4U), Earth and Space Science (SES4U), or Physics (SPH4U) 3 best 4U/M courses +7 more on the program page	FRA4U or ENG4U MHF4U MCV4U SPH4U SCH4U +3 more on the program page
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	No	Available	Available
Degree	—	—	—	Bachelor of Arts, BA, Bachelor of Arts (Co-op), BA (Co-op), Bachelor of Science, BSc, Bachelor of Science (Co-op), BSc (Co-op)
First-year intakewhere published	—	—	—	—
What you study	Geology Physical Geography	Geology Human Geography Physical Geography	Audiology and Speech Language PathologyBiotechnology Chemistry Environmental Studies	Geology Human Geography Interdisciplinary Studies Physical Geography
What it is	Earth Sciences is the study of rocks, minerals, landforms, and the physical processes that shape the planet. You'll learn geology — how Earth's crust forms and changes — alongside physical geography, which focuses on climate, water systems, and landscapes. This program includes a co-op work term, giving you hands-on experience in the field or with industry partners.	A BA in Geography covers the physical Earth — landforms, climate, ecosystems — alongside human systems like culture, economics, and cities. You'll study both natural processes and how people shape and live in different places. It suits students curious about why the world works the way it does and interested in solving real-world problems across environment and society.	This is a four-year science degree where you specialize in one of many fields — from chemistry and physics to biology, geology, audiology, linguistics, or environmental science. The honours designation means you go deeper into your chosen subject than a general science degree would. The program includes optional co-op work terms, letting you gain paid professional experience alongside your studies, which suits students who want both classroom learning and real workplace practice in their field.	You study how Earth's physical systems work — landforms, climate, water, soil — and learn geomatics, the technology and methods used to map and analyse geographic data. This differs from human geography programs by focusing on natural processes rather than societies and cultures. It suits you if you want to understand environmental change and work with mapping software and spatial analysis tools, whether in research, conservation, or resource management.
The door tomajors you reach through it	earth science	earth science geography	biochemistry biology chemistry earth science environmental science life sciences neuroscience physics	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	7 published, 7 with no applicationfrom 80%See them	16 published, 9 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	22 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 75%See them
Source	Laurentian University on OUInfo	Algoma University on OUInfo	Carleton University on OUInfo	University of Ottawa on OUInfo

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