3 programs, side by side

Rows marked with a dot are where these differ. Everything is each university’s own published wording; the “your average” row is yours, calculated the way each program does it.

	McMaster Environmental and Earth Sciences Gateway OUAC MEE Remove	Western Social Science OUAC EO Remove	Waterloo Sustainability and Financial Management (Co-op only) OUAC WSF Remove
Your average, their wayrequired courses forced in
Published rangetheir exact wording	83–87%“Mid-80s”	80–87%“Low to mid 80s”	83–87%“Mid-80s”
Required coursesforced into your top 6 — options are the row below	ENG4U	ENG4U	ENG4U MCV4U MHF4U
Choose one ofany of these satisfies it	one of MCV4U, MHF4U one of SBI4U, SCH4U one of MCV4U, MHF4U, SBI4U, SCH4U, SPH4U	—	—
Prerequisitesas published	English 4U 1 of Advanced Functions 4U, Calculus & Vectors 4U 1 of Biology 4U, Chemistry 4U 1 of Advanced Functions 4U, Calculus & Vectors 4U, Biology 4U, Chemistry 4U, Physics 4U Applicants without Calculus & Vectors 4U will be required to take an equivalent Calculus course in Level I.	English, ENG4U Notes: All Honours Specializations and Majors in Psychology require a first-year university Math course; therefore any Grade 12 U-level Math is highly recommended for this program. Math is helpful in preparation for Sociology and Geography programs. MFH4U and MCV4U are required for all Economics modules. +1 more on the program page	Any Grade 12 U English (min. 75%) Advanced Functions (min. 75%) Calculus and Vectors (min. 75%)
More than marks?supplementary application	Marks only	Marks only	Marks only
Co-op	Available	Available	Available
Degree	—	Bachelor of Arts, BA, Bachelor of Science, BSc	—
First-year intakewhere published	85	850	100
What you study	Environmental Studies Human Geography Physical Geography	Aboriginal Studies Accounting Animal Science Anthropology	Accounting Business Studies Environmental Studies Finance
What it is	This program introduces you to how Earth's physical systems — climate, geology, water — interact with human society and geography. You explore environmental challenges through both natural science and social perspectives, rather than focusing on just one. It suits students curious about environmental issues from multiple angles who want hands-on experience through co-op placements.	Social Science is a broad study of how people, societies, and economies work. You choose a focus like economics, anthropology, history, or business studies, then take courses across that field. Western offers this as either a BA or BSc depending on your focus, and you can do it with co-op, meaning you alternate between school terms and paid work placements in your field.	This program teaches you business and accounting skills alongside environmental sustainability — how companies manage money while reducing their ecological impact. Unlike a straight business degree, you study both financial management and environmental systems together, and co-op is mandatory, so you work in real companies for four months at a time throughout your degree. It suits people who want a career in business or finance but care about environmental responsibility and learn best by doing real work alongside classroom study.
The door tomajors you reach through it	earth science environmental science	criminology economics geography history political science psychology sociology	Applied to directly
Entrance awardsat this campus, by average	5 published, 3 with no applicationfrom 75%See them	6 published, 5 with no applicationfrom 85%See them	4 published, 3 with no applicationfrom 80%See them
Source	McMaster University on OUInfo	Western University on OUInfo	University of Waterloo on OUInfo

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Ranges are what each university publishes, not guaranteed cutoffs, and limited-enrolment programs often admit above them. Confirm anything you are about to act on with the university; each column links to its source.